Create a RSA private key for your Apache server (will be Triple-DES encrypted and PEM formatted): $ openssl genrsa -des3 -out server.key 2048 Please backup this server.key file and the pass-phrase you entered in a secure location. You can see the details of this RSA private key by using the command. Jul 08, 2009 You can also generate self signed SSL certificate for testing purpose. In this article, let us review how to generate private key file (server.key), certificate signing request file (server.csr) and webserver certificate file (server.crt) that can be used on Apache server with modssl. Key, CSR and CRT File Naming Convention.
InstallationWhy do I get permission errors related to SSLMutex when I start Apache?
Errors such as ``
mod_ssl: Child could not open SSLMutex lockfile /opt/apache/logs/ssl_mutex.18332 (System error follows) [..] System: Permission denied (errno: 13) ' are usually caused by overly restrictive permissions on the parent directories. Make sure that all parent directories (here /opt , /opt/apache and /opt/apache/logs ) have the x-bit set for, at minimum, the UID under which Apache's children are running (see the User directive).
Why does mod_ssl stop with the error 'Failed to generate temporary 512 bit RSA private key' when I start Apache?
Cryptographic software needs a source of unpredictable data to work correctly. Many open source operating systems provide a 'randomness device' that serves this purpose (usually named
/dev/random ). On other systems, applications have to seed the OpenSSL Pseudo Random Number Generator (PRNG) manually with appropriate data before generating keys or performing public key encryption. As of version 0.9.5, the OpenSSL functions that need randomness report an error if the PRNG has not been seeded with at least 128 bits of randomness.
To prevent this error,
mod_ssl has to provide enough entropy to the PRNG to allow it to work correctly. This can be done via the SSLRandomSeed directive.
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Online, it is crucial for your visitors to know that the connection is secure. To encrypt the connection to your website, SSL certificates are commonly used to establish a secure connection. Webmasters may buy SSL certificates to secure their website from web hosting companies who sell offerings from premium vendors such as GeoTrust, Verisign, and others.
Assuming you have apache and open ssl installed, you would like to generate and setup an SSL certificate for a domain and generate a CSR.
First, Generate the RSA & CSR (Signing Request)
[root@chevelle root]#
[root@chevelle root]# cd /etc/httpd/conf/ssl.key
Generate the RSA without a passphrase: Generating a RSA private key without a passphrase (I recommended this, otherwise when apache restarts, you have to enter a passphrase which can leave the server offline until someone inputs the passphrase)
[root@chevelle /etc/httpd/conf/ssl.key]# openssl genrsa -out yourdomain.key 1024
Or, with a passphrase: Generating a RSA private key with a passphrase. You will be prompted to enter a passphrase right after you hit enter.
[root@chevelle/etc/httpd/conf/ssl.key]# openssl genrsa -des3 -out yourdomain.key 1024
You should generally NOT generate the RSA private key with a passphrase if you have scripts that restart apache automatically in case of a crash or otherwise. If there is a passphrase, Apache will just sit there and wait for the script to input the passphrase which means downtime, and downtime usually equals bad.
Next generate the CSR using the RSA Private Key
[root@chevelle/etc/httpd/conf/ssl.csr]# openssl req -new -key yourdomain.key -out yourdomain.csr
[root@chevelle/etc/httpd/conf/ssl.csr]# mv yourdomain.csr ./ssl.csr
You will be asked to enter your Common Name, Organization, Organization Unit, City or Locality, State or Province and Country.
Do not enter these characters ‘< > ~ ! @ # $ % ^ * / ( ) ?.,&’ because they will not be accepted.
Common Name: the domain for the web server (e.g. MYdomain.com)
Organization: the name of your organization (e.g. YUPAPA)
Organization Unit: the section of the organization (e.g. Sales)
City or Locality: the city where your organzation is located (e.g. Flanders)
State or Province: the state / province where your organzation is located (e.g New Jersey)
Country: the country where your organzation is located (e.g US)
You may be asked for an email address and a challenge password. I usually just hit enter.
Now you should have:
/etc/httpd/conf/ssl.key/yourdomain.key
/etc/httpd/conf/ssl.csr/yourdomain.csr
Be sure to always make a backup copy of your private key! If you lose it, you’ll have to purchase a new cert!
Now you need to submit your CSR to your provider and they will mail you the certificate. They usually also send you a confirmation email before the certificate is sent out.
Now that you have the certificate.
Installing the Certificate for Apache
[root@chevelle root]# cd /etc/httpd/conf/ssl.crt
Copy the certificate that they mailed you to yourdomain.crt
Open your httpd.conf file and place the following to your virtualhost
<VirtualHost 209.123.546.123:443>
Generate Ssl Private Key On Apache Drive
– other config details-
SSLEngine on
SSLCertificateFile /etc/httpd/conf/ssl.crt/yourdomain.crt
SSLCertificateKeyFile /etc/httpd/conf/ssl.key/yourdomain.key
</VirtualHost>
Restart apache
OPTION 1 [root@chevelle /etc/httpd/conf/ssl.crt]# apachectl restart
OPTION 2 (using the sh script) [root@chevelle /etc/httpd/conf/ssl.crt]# /etc/rc.d/init.d/httpd restart
You may be asked to enter the passphrase IF you generated the RSA with a passphrase. If you do NOT want to be asked for a passphrase when restarting apache, re-generate your RSA key file.
[root@chevelle /etc/httpd/conf/ssl.crt]# cd ./ssl.key
Ssl Private Key File
[root@chevelle /etc/httpd/conf/ssl.key]# mv yourdomain.key yourdomain.key.has-passphrase
[root@chevelle /etc/httpd/conf/ssl.key]# openssl rsa -in yourdomain.key.has-passphrase -out yourdomain.key
And then restart apache again
[root@chevelle /etc/httpd/conf/ssl.crt]# /etc/rc.d/init.d/httpd restart
Generate Ssl Private Key On Apache Server![]() Generate Ssl Private Key On Apache Drive
Now you should be able to access https://yourdomain.com
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